Posts Tagged ‘credit scores’

The Relationship Between Credit Scores and Mortgages

A Credit Score is a numerical value between 300 and 850 that is used by lenders to determine the risk offering someone a loan. Credit scores are based off of a number of factors, including the number of different lines of credit a person has, their payment history, and how long they have had credit. When applying for a mortgage, credit scores are one factor that are considered by mortgage lenders, so it is important to understand the relationship between credit scores and mortgages.

A Brief Explanation of Credit Scores

Credit scores are not exactly new and have been around for many years. The FICO credit score is the most common type used, but there are others as well, specifically those offered by the three credit reporting agencies. However, up until relatively recently, the average consumer was not able to see their credit score. This changed in 2003 with the passage of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, which required credit reporting agencies to provide consumers with their credit score for a reasonable fee.

There are many factors that goes into a credit score and a persons debt level is actually not what the credit score is predominantly based upon. Instead, only about 30% of the credit score is based off of a persons current debt, with more weight being placed upon how the person handles debt, as well as their credit history and payment history.

Credit Scores and Home Mortgages

In times past, getting a home mortgage was a much more personal process. The loan officer took the time to get to know the person and made a subjective decision based upon the information available to them. Today, however, much of this personal touch has been lost, replaced by mathematical formulas that are processed by computers. These formulas take into account the persons credit history, their credit report, and their credit score, determining mathematically the risk of offering the prospective lender a home mortgage.

Since so much of the mortgage approval process has been automated, it is essential to have a good credit report and as high of a credit score as possible. Studies have been shown that the higher a credit score is, the lower the mortgage rate offered will be.

For example, according to myfico.com, in 2007, a person with a credit score between 760 and 850, which is considered to be very good, received an average interest rate of 6.3%. A person with a credit score between 500 and 579, on the other hand, received a interest rate of 9.9%. This shows the importance of having a high credit score before applying for a home mortgage.

Maintaining a Healthy Credit Score

Since having a high credit score is such an important factor when applying for a mortgage, it is a good idea to spend time fixing any areas and maintaining a healthy credit score before applying for a mortgage.

One of the most important steps of maintaining a healthy credit score is taking care of any errors on your credit report, which even though they may simply be a mistake, such as a creditor not reporting a payment. Even though the mistake is not your fault, it still affects your credit score the same, so finding and fixing errors on your credit report is essential.

Paying bills on time is also extremely important to help maintain a healthy credit score and is one of the main factors prospective mortgage lenders consider when considering a mortgage application. If you have missed a payment, always make sure all of your payments are up to date before applying for a mortgage or other type of loan.

It is also important to pay down your credit lines based upon the amount owed and interest rates of the credit line. For instance, it is important to pay down those credit lines with higher interest rates sooner, rather than later, which not only helps your credit score, but also helps you save money.

Maintaining a Healthy Credit Score

creditscoreCredit scores are a numerical value between 300 and 850 that is based upon a persons credit report. The credit score is intended to provide prospective lenders with a way to evaluate a persons creditworthiness, with credit scores between 760 and 850 being classified as the best. Credit scores are used by many different types of lenders, with the mortgage industry usually relying very heavily upon credit scores. Having a high credit score can be very important when applying for a mortgage and getting a good interest rate, especially in today’s market where lenders are much more careful about who they lend too.

There are several companies that offer credit scores, including each of the three different credit reporting agencies, but the credit score compiled by Fair Isaacs Corp, called a FICO score, is the standard in the lending industry.

While credit scores have been around for over fifty years, it was not until 2003 that the average consumer could easily and inexpensively view their credit score. This came as part of the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 2003, which required all credit reporting agencies to provide individuals their credit reporting score at a fair price. Now, credit scores are available for between $6 and $16.

Steps for Getting and Keeping a High Credit Score

Credit scores are based upon the information in a persons credit report, so it is not possible to directly change your credit score if there is a problem. Instead, it is necessary to fix problems with your credit report, which will in turn raise your credit score. This is why it is so important to regularly check your credit report for errors and fix them as soon as possible.

As a consumer, it is also important to pay all bills on time and not max out your credit lines. This is because credit scoring agencies place more emphasis on your payment history than they do on your level of debt. Late payments, especially those sent to a collection agency, can have a very negative impact on a credit score.

Requesting new lines of credit too frequently can reduce your credit score, so instead it is better to try to limit your requests for new credit to as short of a time period as possible. This is especially important when trying to repair bad credit, because many people will begin applying for each credit card offer they get, but this actually lowers a persons credit score.

It is also important to balance your debt in a smart and efficient manner. In another words, pay off debts that have higher interest rates or less favorable terms first and try to avoid transferring debt among credit lines too often.

Since a big part of having a good credit score involves using your credit responsibly, most loan officers suggest using your credit, but not exceeding 30% to 50% of your credit limit. Of course, this should be taken with a grain of salt, because it is in their best interest for you to use credit.

Another factor that goes into a credit report is the length of your credit history. Rather than canceling credit cards you are not using, it is typically better to simply destroy the credit card so you can not use it, but keep the account open. This way you can extend your credit history, without actually using it. Instead, begin using debit cards, which offer the same functionality as a credit card would, without the extra fees.

Having a high credit score can mean the difference between getting a good interest rate and getting a great interest rate. A low credit score can quite literally cost you a great deal of money, so it is important to take measures to improve and maintain a healthy credit score.

What is a Credit Score?

There are usually a number of factors that a lender will consider when deciding whether or not to offer someone a mortgage. For many lenders, a persons credit score is a very important consideration. Credit scores are a number between 300 and 850, which represents how credit-worthy the individual is.

Lenders and merchants have been using credit reports for thousands of years, which is basically information about a persons borrowing and spending habits that is shared among businesses. However, the credit score was not developed until 1958, when the Fair Isaac Corp implemented a system to analyze credit reports and rate them on a numerical scale.

As is the case with a credit report, credit scores are intended to provide a non-discriminatory means of evaluating a persons creditworthiness, so race, gender, and religion do not come into play.

Since the development of the Fair Isaac Corp credit scoring system, which is called a FICO score, several other companies have developed their own credit scoring system, but none have become more popular than the FICO Score.

While each of the three credit reporting agencies are required to provide a free copy of your credit report every year, there is no such requirement for your credit score. Instead, consumers must purchase their credit score, which typically costs between $6 and $16. Each of the credit reporting agencies also offer a proprietary credit score, but these scores are different than the credit score offered by the Fair Isaac Corp.

How is a FICO Credit Score Generated?

There are a number of different factors that go into a FICO credit score, which is based off of information from a each of the three credit reporting agencies. A persons FICO score considers several different factors and rates people on a scale between 300 and 850, with 850 being the highest credit score possible.

The following factors are considered when generating a credit score:

Payments:

  • Payment history for credit cards, loans, mortgages, finance company accounts, and retail accounts
  • Amount of money that is delinquent and how long this money has been delinquent
  • Number of debts that have been successfully paid off
  • The number of items that were paid late
  • Any bankruptcy, items sent to collection agencies, lawsuits, liens, wage adjustments, and any other lawful judgments, as well as the time since these events have occurred.

Length of Recorded Credit History:

  • How long each credit line has been open, as well as how active the account is

Different Types of Credit:

  • How many different accounts are open, including credit cards, mortgages, loans, and retail credit

How Much is Owed:

  • How much is owed on each line of credit
  • How much of the line of credit has been paid off
  • How much of the line of credit is still outstanding
  • The proportion of available credit to used credit
  • How many accounts currently have an outstanding balance

New Credit Lines:

  • How many accounts have been opened recently and how long it has been since these accounts where opened
  • How many times a persons credit has been checked recently and how long it has been since the inquiries
  • Whether new credit has been used in a positive manner, especially after periods of late or delinquent payments

Each of the above factors is considered by the Fair Isaacs Corp when they generate a persons credit score. Since there are so many different factors, it is very easy for a mistake on a credit report to result in a lower credit score, which is why it is so important to regularly check your credit score for errors.