Closing costs are the things that one must pay before taking ownership of a home. This includes things like attorney fees, title searches, and loan origination fees. A lot of people don’t realize it, but when you purchase a home, in addition to the down payment, it is common to spend between $2000 and $4000 in closing costs.

Since closing costs can add up so quickly, it is very important to take each cost line by line and determine if it is necessary and if there is anything you can do to mitigate it. Your lender and real estate agent should be able to provide you with estimates of closing costs before the actual closing day, so that you should not wait until the day of closing to question each cost.

There are many costs, which are simply part of buying a house. For example, you will need to hire a lawyer to prepare the paperwork and a legal assistant will need to be on hand during the signing of the contract. Other costs, such as a title search or a home appraisal are also par for the course.

However, it is also common for junk fees to be included with the loan, which are often negotiable. For example, often a lawyer may include a very high charge for sending the contract by courier. This is often unnecessary or highly inflated, so it should always be questioned. The lender themselves will also often add on a number of junk fees, such as extra points or certain loan fees, so each and every charge from the lender should be questioned.

For non-junk fees, such as lawyer costs, even though they are required, it is often possible to get a better deal simply by asking or doing a little calling around. So, once you have received an estimate of the costs, ask your real estate agent if you can get it any lower and if they can not help you, do a little calling around to real estate lawyers to see if you can find a better deal. In most cases, you can use your own lawyer, so it may be possible to save several hundred dollars. However, in certain cases, such as when buying a bank owned or foreclosed property, you may not have as much freedom when it comes to choosing your lawyer.

Closing costs add up very quickly and it is common for loan originators and lawyers to include a number of junk fees, so it is important to carefully examine and question all costs before going to your closing meeting. This can often save hundreds of dollars.

A mortgage is a type of loan that is used to help make it possible for people to purchase a home, even if they do not have the entire balance up front. Mortgages vary by lender and there are several different options, but the most common is the thirty year fixed rate mortgage. This means the mortgage is for a length of thirty years and the interest rate is fixed, so as long as payments are made on time, it will not change over the course of the loan.

Another popular type of mortgage is the Adjustable Rate Mortgage. Like the fixed rate, the most common length is thirty years. An adjustable rate mortgage has, as is implied by its name, an interest rate that changes over time. Usually they are described as 5 Year ARMs or 2 Year Arms, which describes how often the rate is adjusted. So, for example, in a 5 year ARM, every five years, the interest rate will be adjusted in relation to the current market. It is important to plan for it to always go up, but with the way the current financial market is, many with quality ARMS have actually seen decreases in their interest rates over the last few years.

The main advantage of an ARM is that it has a lower initial interest rate, but it is important to understand the terms of the loan. Some things to watch out for are early pay off penalties and rates that can be adjusted by more than 1% at a time. Adjustable Rate Mortgages have gotten a bad rap, in part because many of those offered during the buildup to the financial meltdown were actually subprime adjustable rate mortgages.

Finding the Best Lender

Just like finding the right location is important, it is also very important to find the right mortgage lender. Those with good credit are at a big advantage here, as they will be able to pick and choose which lender they want, with banks and lenders being motivated to get their business. However, getting a mortgage with no-credit or even bad credit is also possible, but it is essential to avoid predatory lenders, who offer subprime mortgages to those who don’t have many options.

The best place to start looking for a loan is your local bank. This is because they already have a working relationship with you and can often provide you an answer one way or the other very quickly. Even if they turn you down, it is still a good idea to find out what types of mortgages they offer and their terms, as well as their interest rates. Most brick and mortar banks will have a very standard mortgage options, so they can be used to compare other offers to.

Once you have an idea of what your bank can offer, it is usually a good idea to speak with a mortgage broker. Mortgage brokers are basically middle-men who usually have a working relationship with several different mortgage banks. They will be able to check their resources and offer you a few different options. However, it is very important to carefully consider their options, because they only get paid if you buy a loan through them, so are motivated to make a sale.

Once you have received a few offers, don’t be in a rush to jump into a loan. Instead, carefully evaluate each mortgage, its terms, and requirements. This way, you can avoid falling into bed with a predatory lender, who offers a subprime mortgage, such as having an early payoff penalty.

One of the biggest disadvantages of owning a home is that it in many ways reduces your freedom, as most people are financially and legally tied to a home. This means that if you do not like your neighbors, you can not just leave, and if you do not like the city regulations, you can’t just move a little further out. This translates to a lot of reduced freedom, which is often taken for granted by renters, who whether they know it or not, are in most cases at most going to loose their deposit if they decide they would like to change location.

However, for many, this is not a disadvantage at all, as it does provide a strong sense of security and really helps the homeowner understand that it is more than just a few rooms and a bath, but it is actually some place you can call home. Still, it is something that should be considered and fully understood before buying a home.

Another disadvantage to owning a home is that if things break, you have to fix it, either by doing the work yourself or by paying someone, but ultimately, when the AC goes out in the summer, you can’t just call up and complain to your landlord. There are a number of federal and state regulations in place to protect renters, which ensure that rental properties meet a certain set of standards, so if your rental property isn’t meeting these standards, such as not having a heater, you have the power of the law behind you to ensure that the landlord meets these requirements.

While this can be a disadvantage for some, it is also a positive things for others. This is in part because it means you get to decide how you use and change your home. For example, if you do not like the living room, you can simply tear out the wall and start over, presuming it isn’t load bearing anyway. Along the same lines, if you would rather have a tank less water heater or a more energy efficient heat pump, you can install one and will not be held to whatever your landlord decides to install. Of course, this does mean it comes out of your pocket, but most of these types of improvements help improve the value of the home, so ultimately it ends up being, at least partially, a long term investment.

As the above examples show, there are not only advantages and disadvantage to owning a home, but it is never simply black and white either, with there usually being a positive side to most negatives. However, buying a home is a big decision and one that bears thought, so it is essential to consider all of the aspects associated with buying a home, including the mortgage or other loan sides.

While we may not have reached the bottom of the housing market, it is safe to say that it is currently a buyers market. This is not a good thing if you are trying to sell a home, nor is it good for housing developers, with most areas in the United States having multiple empty lots that may not actually have a house built on them for years, if they ever do. However, while this is not good for real estate investors, it does work out well for the home buyer.

One thing to keep in mind is that there are many foreclosures available all over the country. Some cities, like Detroit, have a disproportionate number of foreclosures and empty homes, but this can be seen in almost all cities in the country. What this means is that there are thousands upon thousands of Bank Owned Homes, which are basically dead weight on the banks ledgers. So, the sooner the banks can get rid of the bad debt, even if it means taking a considerable loss, they will look better and more secure, at least on paper.

So, the buyer has a lot of flexibility when making an offer on a foreclosure, as well as having many homes to check for. Also, where once buying a foreclosure meant investing in a home that had holes in the wall, the wiring ripped out, and no AC, more and more we are seeing quality homes that are in excellent condition being foreclosed on. As a result, there is no need to get stuck with a fixer upper, unless you want one. Of course, the flip side to that, is that as a result of so many good condition foreclosures, if you do go for a fixer upper, you will likely be able to get it for much less.

Not only does the high number of foreclosed properties on the market mean that there are many low cost options out there, but this also has an effect on the price of regular homes, driving the prices lower. Again, while this isn’t a good thing in for those selling a home, it is a good thing for home buyers.

Getting Credit in this Turbulent Market

While the number of foreclosures, low home prices, and excellent interest rates make it a buyers market, most lenders have gotten much more strict about how they lend out credit. This is, of course, at odds with the fact that Congress and President Obama decided to transfer billions of our dollars to the bank, but this is besides the point. The fact is that even after this transfer of the public wealth to the major banks, they are not lending. So, getting a loan becomes a problem, especially for those with less than perfect credit.

One of the best things you can do is speak with your local credit union, as more often than not, most credit unions have been practicing much less risky lending practices and are more connected to the community.

It is also important to check your credit report and clean up and problems before applying for a loan. Remember that having a line of unused credit is often looked at as a good thing, so after paying off your debt, don’t immediately cancel your credit line, unless there is a charge for keeping it.

Getting credit is not impossible now, but it is much harder, so make sure that you look as attractive as possible before applying for a loan.

Advantages of Owning a Home

There are a number of advantages to owing a home, but one of the biggest ones is that instead of paying rent each month, a portion of your monthly payment is actually going towards the cost of the home. At first, the amount that goes towards the principal of the loan is very small, with most of the monthly mortgage payment going towards interest, but after about five to eight years, this slowly reverses.

Assuming the home increases in value over time, this means that even if you have not completely paid off the mortgage yet, you should be able to sell the home, getting back some of your investment and hopefully even turning a profit.

One of the other main advantages of owning a home is that there are a number of tax benefits to home ownership. For example, all of the interest you pay on your home can be deducted from your taxes, which can have a major effect on how much you get back at the end of the year.

Also, repairs and renovations can also be claimed as a deduction, so there is a big motivation to fix and renovate ones home. Not only does this make living in the home more enjoyable, but it also helps to increase the value of the home, which is a win-win situation.

In addition to the regular tax deductions, there is also a First Time Homebuyers Tax Credit Available offered by the Federal Government, which provides up to $8,000 that does not need to be paid back. This is currently available to those who have purchased a home in 2009 and the first part of 2010. In the past, there has traditionally also been a tax credit available that is basically a no-interest loan, but it has to be paid back.

One of the other main advantages to owning a home is the freedom to renovate and modify the home without having to ask anyone. This means if you want to knock down a wall to make your bedroom bigger, you don’t have to ask permission, only ensure that it can safely be done without affecting the homes structure. This applies to smaller changes too, such as changing the color of a room.

Disadvantages of Owning a Home

While there are many advantages of owning a home, there are also some disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages is that you are effectively tied to the home through a mortgage. This means you can’t just pack up and leave if you get a job in a different part of the country or if you don’t like your neighbors. Instead, you must always consider the mortgage when you are thinking about moving or leaving the area.

Also, while the ability to do pretty much whatever you want to the home can be very nice, this comes with responsibility. If a pipe breaks or there is some other sort of emergency, you can not call your landlord up like you would if you were renting. Instead, it is necessary to handle the situation on your own, including the cost.

There are also some risks of owning a home, with the main risk being that the home will loose its value. Sometimes, as can be seen in the current economic crisis, the home looses its value as homes flood the market and there end up being more low cost options available, driving the value of homes down across the board. In the case of subprime mortgages, it is also possible for the terms of the mortgage to cause how much is owed to the bank to increase faster than the value of the home increases. For this reason, it is essential to spend some time shopping around for loans and make sure to steer clear of subprime mortgages, which have higher interest rates and bad terms, such as penalties for paying the home off early.

Renting a Home or Apartment

When you rent a home or an apartment, the monthly payment is paid to a landlord. Often, this will be the actual owner of the home, but property management companies are also popular. In either case, the rent is due at a set point each month and is paid to the property owner. As a result, money paid is not an expense each month, which comes out of pocket for the renter.

One of the major advantages of renting is that as a renter, you are not responsible for repairs or any other maintenance, aside from things like mowing the lawn or perhaps changing the filters. This doesn’t mean that you aren’t responsible for damage, but it does mean that the renter is not responsible for repairing things like the roof or the air conditioner. So, if the plumbing burst in the middle of the night, you can simply call up the landlord and by law they must come and repair the problem.

Another advantage of renting a home is that there is usually little tying the person to the home. So, for example, if they decide they want to move to a new city or a new area, they can do so with few repercussions. In the worst case scenario, assuming there is no damage to the apartment, the renter will loose their deposit, but this only happens if they break their lease.

However, there are several downsides to being a renter. One of the biggest ones is a general lack of privacy. This is because the home owner or rental property can come into your house basically whenever they want, providing they follow a few basic rules.

Also, while not having to worry about repairing things, such as a broken washer, can be nice, you can not actually modify the home as you please. Sometimes the homeowner may allow a renter to paint the walls, but this is usually it and requires the approval of the landlord.

Another disadvantage is that since a renter does not own the home, living in the home is a privilege. A disagreement with the landlord can lead to an eviction and if the landlord dies or sells the home, there is no way to guarantee you will be able to stay after the lease expires.

Buying a Home

Buying a home has a number of advantages and can be a wonderful experience, but since most people don’t have the money for the home upfront, they must take out a rather large loan called a mortgage. This means that even though you technically own the home, the bank has a lien on it and if you miss too many payments, you risk loosing the home and being foreclosed upon.

The level of debt can be a little overwhelming, but since part of each months payment is going towards the principal of the loan, you are not paying out of pocket in the same way as when you rent a home.

Of course, during the first 5 to 8 years, most of the payment is going towards the interest of the loan. During the first few years, it is common for less than 10% of each payment to actually go towards the principal of the loan. However, with that said, you are not simply throwing your money away in the same way as when renting, as ultimately, assuming the home does not loose value, some of the money paid towards a mortgage is retained.

One of the other main advantages to buying a home is the many tax credits available to a homeowner. From the first time home buyers tax credit, which is a credit of up to $8,000 that does not need to be paid back, to simply being able to claim all of your interest and maintenance costs on your taxes, there are many tax benefits to owning a home as opposed to renting.

Another advantage of owning a home is that you can do pretty much whatever you like to it. This means if you don’t like the carpet, you can simply tear it up and put down a wood floor. If you want to make the living room bigger, you can knock down a wall and don’t have to ask anyones permission.

Of course, the flip side to this is that if something breaks, it will be the homeowners responsibility to fix the problem. So, there is no one to call when the plumbing breaks at 3AM, well except perhaps for a plumber.

It is also not possible to simply walk away from a home if you do not like the area or your neighbors. It will either be necessary to find someone to buy the home or damage your credit rating. This can mean much less freedom, as most people become tied to their mortgage.

With that said, there are a few silver linings to the current economic situation, making buying a home a very attractive decision, especially for first time home buyers.

Record Low Home Prices

The number of foreclosures is still on the rise and while this is quite sad for those who are facing foreclosures, it means that there is an increased number of homes available on the market, which are priced significantly below what would have been considered fair market value even just a few years ago.

With many banks wanting to get the bad debt off their books, there are numerous opportunities for someone to buy a foreclosed home at significant savings. This is not reserved to only homes in poor neighborhoods or in bad condition either, as millions of homes all over the country are currently empty.

An increase in foreclosures also has an impact on the price of other homes, as with so many options available, home values across the country are dropping.

With that said, it is important to consider what this means about the generally accepted value of a home. Many of the root causes of the current financial situation can be traced back to the commonly held belief that “home values will always rise,” leading many to become involved in homes they can not afford. It is commonly held thought that home values are not actually at an all time low, but are instead reverting back to their actual value.

Record Low Interest Rates

Interest rates are at an all time low, in part because the FED, which regulates interest rates on borrowed money, have set the interest rate at basically zero. While the FED interest rate is not the same one that lenders offer, mortgage banks base their interest rate off of the FED rate, which is why we are seeing historically low interest rates.

Where even just a few years ago, getting a fixed rate below 6% was all but unheard of, many lenders are now offering rates that are closer to 4% or even lower. This low interest rate can save thousands and thousands of dollars in interest.

Tax Credits for Home Owners

Last year, President Obama initiated the First Time Home Buyers Tax Credit, which offered up to $8,000 in the form of a tax credit that did not need to be paid back. The first time home buyers tax credit was intended only for those who had not owned a home in the last three years and was considerably different than the previous credit, which was a no-interest loan.

This tax credit was set to expire in December of 2009, but congress voted to not only extend it, but also offer a slightly reduced tax credit to people who have owned a home in the last three years.

These new tax credits for homeowners can significantly reduce costs and since it does not need to be paid back, it is a very attractive offer making buying a home in 2010 much more affordable. Those that can afford it can significantly reduce their interest payments by applying it towards the principal of the home or simply using it to help cover their bills.

When investing in real estate, there are several different approaches, but the age old adage of “Buy Low and Sell High” is something that has historically worked very well in the real estate industry.

Risks Flipping Homes

Some people prefer to buy a home, perhaps fixing it up, and then sell it. This is often referred to as Flipping a Home, as the idea is that you buy it and sell it as quickly as possible for a profit.

While many have had tremendous success buying and flipping homes, there is a very high risk associated with it. This is because you are to a large degree at the whim of the current housing market. If house prices begin to fall or there are too many under priced homes in the area, this can mean taking a loss.

The current market of an excellent example of how this can backfire. Starting in the Nineties and continuing until a few short years ago, home prices were almost always increasing. It was common for a home to increase 25%, 50% or even 100% in the course of only a year or two. As a result, real estate investors were making incredible profits. Then, beginning in 2007, the bottom fell out of the credit market, home values began dropping, and people began loosing their homes. Many investors were left holding homes that were no longer increasing in value and were actually depreciating.

The other disadvantage is that most of the time, the investor is fighting the clock. Seldom will they actually purchase the home outright and instead a mortgage is usually used. This means that each month that the house remains unsold, they are loosing money.

Fixing and Flipping

Today, home prices are actually much lower than they were, but in the past when flipping a home, it was often necessary to find a home that was in disrepair and fix it up. This works extremely well for those who can preform the work themselves, which is called sweat equity, but for those that must hire contractors this can be very expensive.

Also, as a result of the fluctuating home prices, many investors have lost money after paying to fix up a home that was in disrepair.

One of the most important steps in selecting a lender is to explore all of your options. It is generally not a good idea to jump on the first offer that you receive, but instead you should take this offer and compare it to other lenders. This way, you will have a much better idea of how competitive the mortgage offer is.

Usually, the best place to start looking for a mortgage at your local bank. In most cases, your own bank will be more inclined to work with you if there are discrepancies on your credit report and will be able to give you a fairly quick response. There are several reasons for this, but much of it comes down to the fact that you are their customer and as long as you have a good relationship with your bank, they will want to keep you happy.

Another reason it is a good idea to speak with your bank, or at the very least an actual local brick and mortar bank, is that these types of banks typically have a fairly competitive interest rate, which is indicative of the current market. So, by starting with your own bank, you will have an incredibly solid basis for comparison, when evaluating your options.

Using Mortgage Brokers

Next, it is a good idea to speak with a few mortgage brokers. Your real estate agent may have one they recommend, but remember they do get a commission if you use them, so their suggestion may be biased. However, since you are not obligated to use their broker, there is seldom any harm in investigating what type of deal they can offer. In some cases, they will be able to give you a rate that is considerably lower.

However, mortgage brokers are basically commission based salesmen. They usually have relationships with multiple lenders and will be able to check each of these lenders to find the best deal. Since they are commission based, mortgage brokers will only get paid if you go through them though, so it is very important to understand that not all mortgage brokers will be working in your best interest.

Research the Lender

The Internet is a powerful ally when purchasing a home. It can be an excellent tool for finding home values in the area or even using Goolge Street View to take a virtual tour of the neighborhood. It can also be an excellent way to vet prospective lenders.

You can start by checking Google News and searching for the name of the company. By default, Google News will only show you the most recent stories, so make sure you expand your search to at least include the last few years.

By searching for the name of the company, you will be able to find out any important events that have occurred, as well as any legal troubles they may have had.

Next, do some regular searches to see what people are saying about the lender. However, remember that the company may be setting these sites up themselves, so they should be taken with a grain of salt. Also, NEVER give out your personal information when preforming this type of research.

Comparing Offers

Once you have several offers, both from your bank, a mortgage broker, and perhaps a mortgage bank, which is a bank that is primarily in the business of issuing mortgages, compare the different offers to find out what is the best for your situation.

This stage of the process is fairly straightforward, but it is important to not only take into account the interest rate and monthly payments, but also the companies policies. For example, the mortgage broker might offer you the best deal, but require that you pay a certain percentage of the sales as their commission. This percentage is called the brokers “points” and it could very well be that after you pay the points, you end up worse off than if you paid a slightly higher interest rate. Many of these fees, which are often called “junk fees” can actually be negotiated though.

In addition to looking out for the additional costs of the mortgage offer, it is also important to take into account their policy on late payments and how it affects your interest rate.

Why Some People Like Renting

One of the main reasons that many like renting is that if something breaks, you can just call up your land lord and let them worry about it. For example, if the Air Conditioning needs to be replaced, it will come out of the land lords pocket and not yours. This means that you are not reliant upon your own funds or time to fix a problem and instead can simply pick up the phone.

Not only, do you not need to worry about things breaking, but basic home care is seldom the concern of a renter. This means you don’t have to worry about replacing the roof or a tree falling on the home. Instead, usually the biggest upkeep a renter might have to worry about is mowing the lawn.

Another reason many people prefer renting is that it offers more freedom than owning a home does. This is to say, if you want to pick up and move to a different city or even country, you can do so, with little or no consequence. In the worst case scenario, you might be breaking your lease, in which case you would loose your deposit, but aside from this, there are very few ramifications for leaving. This can be especially important when you are young and have not settled down yet.

When you purchase a home, you are also in some regards at the whims of the market. For example, home prices have been dropping for the past year or so and many people now owe more than their home is “worth.” This isn’t necessarily a problem, but if you do decide to sell your home when the value is low, you will loose money. Home values and property values is not something a renter has to worry about.

Buying a home is also a big commitment financially and since most people don’t have the money to buy the home upfront, they must use a mortgage. This means that you not only owe your lender a great deal of money over the course of a long time, but you also end up paying a great deal of interest on the home.

Why Renting isn’t Always Right

Renting offers some advantages, but it also has some downsides. One of the biggest downsides is that at the end of your lease, you don’t have anything to show for all the money you spent. In some regards, it is really money down the drain, as you see no return on the money you spend renting. This differs from owning a home, where each of your payments is going towards the principal of your loan.

Of course, being that most mortgages are for 30 years, much of the money you spend on your home is going towards interest, so this point is arguable. However, in most cases, when you decide you are done with your home, you can sell it and at least get some, if not more, of your money back. This can not be said of renting, in that when you walk away from your rented home, you will have nothing, except perhaps your deposit.

Another disadvantage to renting is that you are at the whim of the landlord. There are of course a number of renter’s rights, so there is some protection, but in the end, if your landlord wants you out, you will end up out.

Also, by renting, you loose a great deal of your privacy. It is not uncommon for the landlord to send someone over every month to check your filters, fire alarms, and ensure the apartment is in good repair. If they decide something needs to be fixed or replaced, there is little you can do to avoid them coming into your home. This is not the case when you own your own home and are, in effect, your own landlord.

Knowing when to Buy and When to Rent

Ultimately, whether renting or buying is best for someone, greatly varies from person to person. What is an advantage to some, might be a disadvantage to others, so it is very important to analyze your current financial and personal situation, to determine what is best for you.

A big part of this decision also comes down to analyzing the current housing market and knowing when to act. For example, house prices are currently at an all time low, as are interest rates. Compared to a few years ago, you can get much more bang for your buck, so it could be a very good time to buy a home. It could be that house prices and interest rates will continue to go down, but they are currently lower than they have been for many years and eventually, the prices will go back up. Knowing when to get your money in, is a big part of deciding between renting vs buying.